Dantrolene

Dantrolene is a ryanodine (RYR1) receptor antagonist, which prevents release of Ca2+ from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, uncoupling the process of excitation-contraction.

Property Dantrolene
Uses MH, NMS, ecstasy intoxication, chronic muscle spasticity
Presentation Vials of orange powder containing 20mg dantrolene and 3g mannitol, reconstituted with 60ml of H2O to form an alkaline solution.
Dosing 2.5mg.kg-1 IV every 10-15 minutes, up to 10mg.kg-1. Once resolved, continue giving 1mg.kg-1 every 4-6 hours for 24 hours.
Absorption IV only, may cause skin necrosis if extravasates.
Distribution 85% protein bound
Metabolism Hepatic metabolism to active 5-hydroxy-dantrolene
Elimination Renal of metabolites, t1/2β of 12 hours
Resp Respiratory failure due to skeletal muscle weakness
CVS Volume overload due to large volume given with administration
MSK Skeletal muscle relaxation
Renal Diuresis
GIT Hepatic failure

References

  1. Peck TE, Hill SA. Pharmacology for Anaesthesia and Intensive Care. 4th Ed. Cambridge University Press. 2014.
  2. Petkov V. Essential Pharmacology For The ANZCA Primary Examination. Vesselin Petkov. 2012.
  3. ANZCA August/September 2011
Last updated 2017-09-16

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